Compare Bermuda (2008) - South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2004)

Compare Bermuda (2008) z South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2004)

	Bermuda (2008)	South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2004)

Administrative divisions	9 parishes and 2 municipalities; Devonshire, Hamilton, Hamilton, Paget, Pembroke, Saint George, Saint George's, Sandys, Smith's, Southampton, Warwick*	-
Age structure	0-14 years: 18.3% (male 6,094/female 6,014) 15-64 years: 69.2% (male 22,696/female 23,094) 65 years and over: 12.5% (male 3,597/female 4,668) (2007 est.)	-
Agriculture - products	bananas, vegetables, citrus, flowers; dairy products, honey	-
Airports	1 (2007)	none (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2007)	-
Area	total: 53.3 sq km land: 53.3 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 3,903 sq km land: 3,903 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Shag Rocks, Black Rock, Clerke Rocks, South Georgia Island, Bird Island, and the South Sandwich Islands, which consist of some nine islands
Area - comparative	about one-third the size of Washington, DC	slightly larger than Rhode Island
Background	Bermuda was first settled in 1609 by shipwrecked English colonists headed for Virginia. Tourism to the island to escape North American winters first developed in Victorian times. Tourism continues to be important to the island's economy, although international business has overtaken it in recent years. Bermuda has developed into a highly successful offshore financial center. Although a referendum on independence from the UK was soundly defeated in 1995, the present government has reopened debate on the issue.	The islands lie approximately 1,000 km east of the Falkland Islands and have been under British administration since 1908, except for a brief period in 1982 when Argentina occupied them. Grytviken, on South Georgia, was a 19th and early 20th century whaling station. Famed explorer Ernest SHACKLETON stopped there in 1914 en route to his ill-fated attempt to cross Antarctica on foot. He returned some 20 months later with a few companions in a small boat and arranged a successful rescue for the rest of his crew, stranded off the Antarctic Peninsula. He died in 1922 on a subsequent expedition and is buried in Grytviken. Today, the station houses scientists from the British Antarctic Survey. The islands have large bird and seal populations, and, recognizing the importance of preserving the marine stocks in adjacent waters, the UK, in 1993, extended the exclusive fishing zone from 12 nm to 200 nm around each island.
Birth rate	11.26 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)	-
Budget	revenues: $738 million expenditures: $665 million (FY04/05)	-
Capital	name: Hamilton geographic coordinates: 32 17 N, 64 47 W time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins second Sunday in March; ends first Sunday in November	-
Climate	subtropical; mild, humid; gales, strong winds common in winter	variable, with mostly westerly winds throughout the year interspersed with periods of calm; nearly all precipitation falls as snow
Coastline	103 km	NA km
Constitution	8 June 1968; amended 1989 and 2003	adopted 3 October 1985
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Bermuda former: Somers Islands	conventional long form: South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands conventional short form: none
Death rate	7.84 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)	-
Debt - external	$160 million (FY99/00)	-
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK	overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina; administered from the Falkland Islands by a commissioner, who is concurrently governor of the Falkland Islands, representing Queen ELIZABETH II; Grytviken, formerly a whaling station on South Georgia, is a scientific base
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Consul General Gregory W. SLAYTON consulate(s) general: Crown Hill, 16 Middle Road, Devonshire DVO3 mailing address: P. O. Box HM325, Hamilton HMBX; American Consulate General Hamilton, US Department of State, 5300 Hamilton Place, Washington, DC 20520-5300 telephone: [1] (441) 295-1342 FAX: [1] (441) 295-1592, [1] (441) 296-9233	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)
Disputes - international	none	briefly occupied by military force in 1982 - claimed by Argentina in constitution but declares it will no longer seek settlement by force
Economic aid - recipient	$90,000 (2004)	-
Economy - overview	Bermuda enjoys the highest per capita income in the world, more than 50% higher than that of the US. Its economy is primarily based on providing financial services for international business and luxury facilities for tourists. A number of reinsurance companies relocated to the island following the 11 September 2001 attacks and again after Hurricane Katrina in August 2005, contributing to the expansion of an already robust international business sector. Bermuda's tourism industry - which derives over 80% of its visitors from the US - continues to struggle but remains the island's number two industry. Most capital equipment and food must be imported. Bermuda's industrial sector is small, although construction continues to be important; the average cost of a house in June 2003 had risen to $976,000. Agriculture is limited with only 20% of the land being arable.	Some fishing takes place in adjacent waters. Fees from fishing licenses and related activities traditionally account for around 90% of South Georgia's revenue (about $5.6 million in 2004). There is a potential source of income from harvesting finfish and krill. The islands receive income from postage stamps produced in the UK, sale of fishing licenses, and harbor and landing fees from tourist vessels. Tourism from specialized cruise ships is increasing rapidly. Annual tourist volume hovers around 3,000 arrivals.
Electricity - consumption	574.8 million kWh (2005)	-
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2005)	-
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2005)	-
Electricity - production	618 million kWh (2005)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Town Hill 76 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Paget (South Georgia) 2,934 m
Environment - current issues	sustainable development	NA
Ethnic groups	black 54.8%, white 34.1%, mixed 6.4%, other races 4.3%, unspecified 0.4% (2000 census)	-
Exchange rates	Bermudian dollar per US dollar - 1.0000 (fixed rate pegged to the US dollar)	-
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Sir Richard GOZNEY (since 12 December 2007) head of government: Premier Ewart BROWN (since 30 October 2006); Deputy Premier Paula COX cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed premier by the governor	-
Exports	0 bbl/day (2005)	-
Exports - commodities	reexports of pharmaceuticals	-
Exports - partners	Spain 35.3%, UK 15.7%, Brazil 9.1%, Sweden 7.5% (2006)	-
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	-
Flag description	red, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Bermudian coat of arms (white and green shield with a red lion holding a scrolled shield showing the sinking of the ship Sea Venture off Bermuda in 1609) centered on the outer half of the flag	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms features a shield with a golden lion centered; the shield is supported by a fur seal on the left and a penguin on the right; a reindeer appears above the shield, and below it on a scroll is the motto LEO TERRAM PROPRIAM PROTEGAT (Let the Lion Protect its Own Land)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 1% industry: 10% services: 89% (2002 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	4.6% (2004 est.)	-
Geographic coordinates	32 20 N, 64 45 W	54 30 S, 37 00 W
Geography - note	consists of about 138 coral islands and islets with ample rainfall, but no rivers or freshwater lakes; some land was leased by US Government from 1941 to 1995	the north coast of South Georgia has several large bays, which provide good anchorage; reindeer, introduced early in the 20th century, live on South Georgia
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	-
Imports	4,250 bbl/day (2004)	-
Imports - commodities	clothing, fuels, machinery and transport equipment, construction materials, chemicals, food and live animals	-
Imports - partners	US 71.8%, Venezuela 6.9%, Canada 6.6% (2006)	-
Independence	none (overseas territory of the UK)	-
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	-
Industries	international business, tourism, light manufacturing	-
Infant mortality rate	total: 8.08 deaths/1,000 live births male: 9.58 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.56 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)	-
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	2.8% (November 2005)	-
International organization participation	Caricom (associate), Interpol (subbureau), IOC, ITUC, UPU, WCO	-
Irrigated land	NA	0 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; Magistrate Courts	-
Labor force	38,360 (2004)	-
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture and fishing 3%, laborers 17%, clerical 19%, professional and technical 21%, administrative and managerial 15%, sales 7%, services 19% (2004 est.)	-
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 20% permanent crops: 0% other: 80% (55% developed, 45% rural/open space) (2005)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (largely covered by permanent ice and snow with some sparse vegetation consisting of grass, moss, and lichen) (2001)
Languages	English (official), Portuguese	-
Legal system	English law	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply; the senior magistrate from the Falkland Islands presides over the Magistrates Court
Legislative branch	bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (11 seats; members appointed by the governor, the premier, and the opposition) and the House of Assembly (36 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve up to five-year terms) elections: last general election held 18 December 2007 (next to be held not later than 2012) election results: percent of vote by party - PLP 52.5%, UBP 47.3%; seats by party - PLP 22, UBP 14	-
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 78.13 years male: 76 years female: 80.29 years (2007 est.)	-
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 98% male: 98% female: 99% (2005 est.)	-
Location	North America, group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, east of South Carolina (US)	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of the tip of South America
Map references	North America	Antarctic Region
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	total: 133 ships (1000 GRT or over) 8,366,999 GRT/8,615,385 DWT by type: bulk carrier 24, container 22, liquefied gas 30, passenger 23, passenger/cargo 5, petroleum tanker 15, refrigerated cargo 10, roll on/roll off 4 foreign-owned: 126 (Australia 4, Belgium 3, China 10, France 1, Germany 21, Greece 3, Hong Kong 4, Ireland 1, Israel 3, Japan 1, Nigeria 11, Norway 5, Singapore 1, Sweden 15, UK 20, US 23) registered in other countries: 50 (Bahamas 12, Croatia 2, Marshall Islands 5, Philippines 31) (2007)	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches	no regular military forces; Bermuda Police Service, Bermuda Reserve Constabulary, Bermuda Regiment	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	0.11% (2005 est.)	-
National holiday	Bermuda Day, 24 May	Liberation Day, 14 June (1982)
Nationality	noun: Bermudian(s) adjective: Bermudian	-
Natural hazards	hurricanes (June to November)	the South Sandwich Islands have prevailing weather conditions that generally make them difficult to approach by ship; they are also subject to active volcanism
Natural resources	limestone, pleasant climate fostering tourism	fish
Net migration rate	2.34 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)	-
Political parties and leaders	Progressive Labor Party or PLP [Ewart BROWN]; United Bermuda Party or UBP [Wayne FURBERT]	-
Political pressure groups and leaders	Bermuda Employer's Union [Eddie SAINTS]; Bermuda Industrial Union or BIU [Derrick BURGESS]; Bermuda Public Services Union or BPSU [Ed BALL]; Bermuda Union of Teachers [Michael CHARLES]	-
Population	66,163 (July 2007 est.)	no indigenous inhabitants note: the small military garrison on South Georgia withdrew in March 2001, to be replaced by a permanent group of scientists of the British Antarctic Survey, which also has a biological station on Bird Island; the South Sandwich Islands are uninhabited (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line	19% (2000)	-
Population growth rate	0.576% (2007 est.)	-
Ports and harbors	-	Grytviken
Radio broadcast stations	AM 5, FM 3, shortwave 0 (2005)	0 (2003)
Religions	Anglican 23%, Roman Catholic 15%, African Methodist Episcopal 11%, other Protestant 18%, other 12%, unaffiliated 6%, unspecified 1%, none 14% (2000 census)	-
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.013 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.983 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.771 male(s)/female total population: 0.959 male(s)/female (2007 est.)	-
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	-
Telephone system	general assessment: good domestic: fully automatic digital telephone system; fiber-optic trunk lines international: country code - 1-441; landing point for the Atlantica-1 telecommunications submarine cable that extends from the US to Brazil; satellite earth stations - 3 (2007)	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: coastal radiotelephone station at Grytviken
Telephones - main lines in use	57,700 (2006)	-
Telephones - mobile cellular	60,100 (2006)	-
Television broadcast stations	3 (2005)	0 (2003)
Terrain	low hills separated by fertile depressions	most of the islands, rising steeply from the sea, are rugged and mountainous; South Georgia is largely barren and has steep, glacier-covered mountains; the South Sandwich Islands are of volcanic origin with some active volcanoes
Total fertility rate	1.88 children born/woman (2007 est.)	-
Unemployment rate	2.1% (2004 est.)	-

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